W01 Introduction

2025-02-19四 13:00-15:00 林師模教授

預習: 參考書 | 網頁: Web Page | 😊課程: 課程介紹 | 練習: Exc#1 | 作業: Asig#1 |
😊各週進度簡報: 2025/0306開始時 phd20_p1 (這個不用了) | 後來都改用這個了: phd20_p2 |
Paper準備: How do traditional auto repair shops cope with the shift to electric vehicles? (這個不用了) |
😊Paper: 已改為這個(參考篇) P2Impact of Expected Salary on the Salary-Performance Relationship (參考W08) |
P3汽修廠業面臨淘汰 | P3shops are facing elimination | 在GoogleSheet的資料 的資料 |
😊Paper: 交卷篇 Final Thesis | 5/22報告 Presentation | HTML | SPA |
保修廠問卷 | 填答Data | 2025/06-PIP月刊廣告稿 | 轉成dataset autoshopstw/xlsx | 保修廠報名表 | 內容資料 |
😊Software: 跟 ChatGPT學習: 用Eviews和Pythone分析data的經過(Python須啟用虛擬環境venv)。

開場 | phd20_Abstract | Abstract_htw |
唸稿Abstract_htw速度: 137s/210字=0.65s/字= 65字/分鐘;
同學： 1:11204604洪哲文, 2:11304608葉俊品, 3:11304621史彥文, 4:11204612陳明勇,
5:11304613李佳瑋, 6:11304604陳炳宏, 7:11304618李季安, 8:11204611楊重城,
9:11304610吳紅歡, 10:11304625茉莉, 11:11304603翟因祥, 12:11304617李士哲,
13:11104605烏家禾, 14:11304609蘇玉婷, 15:11304624李多狄, 16:11304601劉珮彤,17:11304614朱容德,

The purpose of this course is to guide students through the process of writing a research paper. It will begin from identifying a research question, and end at completing a conference-presentable or journal-publishable work.
During the semester, students will be asked to present a personal area of interest, survey and review the works in the subject area of research, select appropriate research methodologies, collect and establish data sets for empirical analysis, empirically estimate the model, and complete the analysis and the writing of the research paper.
Students will also learn how to present and discuss their own work, as well as the strategy of reading and commenting on the works of other students.

W02 Presentation of the area of interest

2025-02-26四 13:00-15:00 林師模教授

Reference:subject should study

2025/02/27 - This is a learning process to writing a paper.
- Emperical study you might have to collect data by questionair.
Now we learn: how to writing a Research Proposal?

1. A concise statement of the problem
2. Comments on the information that is available, with one or two key references
3. A description of the research design that includes: (a) the economic model, (b) the econometric estimation and inference methods, (c) data sources, and (d) estimation, hypothesis testing, and prediction procedures, including the econometric software and version used
4. The potential contribution of the research

Necessary Componet of Paper

  1. Statement of the Problem 問題陳述
    The place to start your report is with a summary of the questions you wish to investigate as well as why they are important and who should be interested in the results. This introductory section should be nontechnical and should motivate the reader to continue reading the paper. It is also useful to map out the contents of the following sections of the report. This is the first section to work on and also the last. In today’s busy world, the reader’s attention must be garnered very quickly. A clear, concise, wellwritten introduction is a must and is arguably the most important part of the paper.
    報告的開頭應概述您希望調查的​​問題，以及這些問題為何重要以及誰應該對結果感興趣。本介紹部分應為非技術性的並且應激勵讀者繼續閱讀本文。規劃出報告以下部分的內容也很有用。這是要進行的第一部分，也是最後一部分。在當今繁忙的世界裡，必須迅速吸引讀者的注意。清晰、簡潔、寫得好的介紹是必須的，可以說是論文中最重要的部分。

problem 就業人口短缺，為吸引員工、提高留任率，公司想要研究：10年來薪資的調整有沒有趕上或高過通膨率？平均薪資基本工資差距比率有沒有持續增加？ 北中南各區域薪資有無不同？男女有無差別？
There is a shortage of employed people. In order to attract employees and improve retention rates, companies want to study:
1.Have salary adjustments in the past 10 years kept up with or exceeded the inflation rate?
2.Has the average salary-base wage gap ratio continued to increase?
3.Are there any differences in salaries between the north, central and south regions?
4.Is there any difference between men and women?
(不用公式或艱深術語，要讓一般讀者可以引起興趣想讀，)

2.Review of the Literature： 往往1,2可以合併為 introduction 同一章節;
簡要總結您所選擇的研究領域的相關文獻，並闡明您的工作如何擴展我們的知識。一定要引用激勵你研究的其他人的作品，但要簡短。您不必調查有關該主題的所有內容。

3.The empirical model: 定義你的實證研究模型
指定您使用的經濟模型並定義經濟變數。陳述模型的假設並確定您想要測試的假設。經濟模型可能會變得複雜。您的任務是清楚地解釋該模型，但盡可能簡潔明了。不要使用不必要的技術術語。盡可能使用簡單的術語，而不是複雜的術語。您的目標是展示您的思維質量，而不是您的詞彙量。
Your objective is to display the quality of your thinking, not the extent of your vocabulary.

  1. The Econometric Model (empirical method)
    Discuss the econometric model that corresponds to the economic model. Make sure you include a discussion of the variables in the model, the functional form, the error assumptions, and any other assumptions that you make. Use notation that is as simple as possible, and do not clutter the body of the paper with long proofs or derivations; these can go into a technical appendix.
    討論與經濟模型相對應的計量經濟模型。確保討論模型中的變數、函數形式、錯誤假設以及您所做的任何其他假設。使用盡可能簡單的符號，不要用長篇證明或推導來擾亂論文主體；這些都可以放入技術附錄。

  2. The Data
    Describe the data you used, as well as the source of the data and any reservations you have about their appropriateness.
    描述您使用的資料以及資料來源和您對其適用性的任何保留意見。

  3. The Estimation and Inference Procedures 估計與推斷程序
    Describe the estimation methods you used and why they were chosen. Explain hypothesis testing procedures and their usage. Indicate the software used and the version, such as Stata 15 or EViews 10.
    描述您使用的估計方法以及選擇這些方法的原因。解釋假設檢驗程序及其用途。註明所使用的軟體及其版本，例如 Stata 15 或 EViews 10。
    (有時5,6也可以並在一起)

  4. The Empirical Results and Conclusions實證結果與結論
    Report the parameter estimates, their interpretation, and the values of test statistics. Comment on their statistical significance, their relation to previous estimates, and their economic implications.
    報告參數估計、其解釋、以及檢定統計量的值。評論它們的統計意義、與先前估計的關係以及它們的經濟影響。
    (有時7,6也可以並在一起 但分開可能比較好)

  5. Possible Extensions and Limitations of the Study 研究的可能延伸與限制
    Your research will raise questions about the economic model, data, and estimation techniques. What future research is suggested by your findings, and how might you go about performing it?
    您的研究將對經濟模型、數據和估算技術提出問題。您的研究結果對未來的研究有何建議？

  6. Acknowledgments 致謝
    It is appropriate to recognize those who have commented on and contributed to your research. This may include your instructor, a librarian who helped you find data, or a fellow student who read and commented on your paper.
    應該對那些對你的研究做出評論和貢獻的人表示感謝。這可能包括你的導師、幫助你找到資料的圖書館員，或閱讀並評論你的論文的同學。

  7. References 參考文獻
    An alphabetical list of the literature you cite in your study, as well as references to the data sources you used.
    您在研究中引用的文獻的字母列表，以及您使用的資料來源的參考資料。

注意格式:
You should be aware of the rules of plagiarism. You must not use someone else’s words as if they were your own. Your university may provide a plagiarism-checking software, such as Turnitin or iThenticate, that will compare your paper to millions of online sources and look for problem areas. The paper should have clearly defined sections and subsections. The pages, equations, tables, and figures should be numbered. References and footnotes should be formatted in an acceptable fashion.

A style guide is a good investment. Two classics are the following:

• The Chicago Manual of Style, 16th edition, is available online and in other formats.
• A Manual for Writers of Research Papers, Theses, and Dissertations: Chicago Style for Students and Researchers, 8th edition, by Kate L. Turabian; revised by Wayne C. Booth, Gregory G. Colomb, and Joseph M Williams (2013, University of Chicago Press).

W03 RLiterature review strategy and writing (I)

2025-03-05四 13:00-15:00 林師模教授

Reference:subject should study

11204604 (洪哲文): phd20_p2
已知薪資與績效成正比，但我發現，薪資成長到一定程度後，績效即無法隨之成長，我認為，原因雖然很多，但該職位在特定地區的預期薪資也是有重要的影響的，我想研究，特定職位在特定地區的預期薪資，對薪資與績效間的關係的影響。 It is known that salary is proportional to performance, but I found that after salary grows to a certain level, performance can no longer grow accordingly. I think that although there are many reasons, the expected salary of the position in a specific area also has an important impact. I want to study the impact of the expected salary of a specific position in a specific area on the relationship between salary and performance.

11304603 (翟因祥)Ethan: Employee Monitoring andthe ehical Boundary of Privacy Rights Enterprises have an increasing demand for employee monitoring
11304608 (葉俊品)Amatang: from review and ratings to loyalty: the role of turst and perceived review athenticity (PLES)
11304614 (朱容德)Mnuha: “Dividend policy” a business perspective (quatntitative research)
11304618 (李季安): “Audit Qality” 好查不好查 （indicator)
20年以前 工作後難比較/ 很多比較指標-影響工作績效;
11304610 (吳紅歡)lucy: How does esg perfor impact (VN100) PLS/SEM如果混了qantitatie and qualitative 不然如用secondary data- 就用regression: Quantitative
11304609 (蘇玉婷)Avi: fintec hindeing Loan diebeusment lender Borrower; Prabowo’s implementation of budgetary efficiency across all sectors.
Intentions of user utilizin an expanded techo. acceptance model (Indonesia Borowers lenders)
11204612 (陳明勇)jacky: The impact of cloud service applications on information Security Risks in large int enterprises (how you masure the risk?)
11204611 (楊重城)Double: Case study on the business innovation model i99 COFFEE
11304601 (劉珮彤): Relationship amon corp. bovernacne evaluatio results
11304625 (茉莉)Bera: Dynaci eco-efficiency assessment in Financial industry: a perspective on long-term development
11304624 (李多狄): the impact countury of origin and percieved qality on purchase intention of chinese laptops
11304613 (李佳瑋)Mohum lin:
11304617 (李士哲)ihris: systematic Review: just literature review, and do the analysis
11304604 (陳炳宏)
11304621 (史彥文)
老師說: 你們可能學過 PLS,SEM; 或你們可以組織一個workShop看有誰熟悉這個PLS如果你不熟可以找Romi參加. 3/20要再來報告。你的literature review的結果。所以要開始蒐集開始寫。每位報告5分鐘。通常要有2-3-最多5pages;

W04 Literature review strategy and writing (II)

2025-03-12四 13:00-15:00 林師模教授
請假，去北海道旅遊！

林師模先生の講義ノート
An effective literature review provides a critical overview of existingresearch by
• Outlining important research trends.
• Assessing strengths and weaknesses (of individual studies as well the existing research as a whole).
• Identifying potential gaps in knowledge.
• Establishing a need for current and/or future research projects.

SCISPACE AIwriter の使い方
- AI writer
start writing -> （繁体字中国語に設定）単語を入力した後、彼は書き続けます気に入ったら受け入れてください。気に入らない場合は、別のものを入力して、承認するまで彼に任せてください。(喜歡就accept，不喜歡就再打個內容讓他接，直到你accept)

彼の書き方が気に入らないなら、書き直すこともできます。彼は関連する文献を探し、あなたは書くことができます (若不喜歡他的寫法，也可以加以改寫。他會把一些相關文獻的字句找出來，接著你後面寫)
左側 + 引用付きで書き続けるを選択 (左邊+ 選continue writing with citation) 彼はあなたが選択できるよう、関連する引用文書をいくつかリストアップします (他會列出一些相關的cite文獻 讓你選)
記事タイトルをクリックすると、論文が直接展開されます (按下文章標題後他就會直接展開該篇論文)
また、以下の参考文献をリストし、APAなどの執筆モードを選択するのにも役立ちます。(他也會幫你把reference列出在下方，還會讓你選擇撰寫模式-比如APA。)
Outline Builderは文献レビューに最適です。いくつかの主要な項目、概要、反論などをリストするのに役立ちます。(outline builder 最適合做文獻回顧，會幫你列出幾各大項、大綱，相反論點等等。)

アーカイブのためにドキュメントをライブラリにアップロードすることを忘れないでください。(研究目標:4〜5 段落に分割し、各段落の内容を確認します。)
各セクションでは 10 ～ 15 件の論文を参照する必要があります。(研究目標:分出4-5個段落，看每個段落要講什麼？每節需要參考10-15篇論文;)
- 洞察、要約、研究の限界（ギャップ）、または将来の調査。 (-insight、摘要、研究限制(Gap)或future survey。)
記得將文獻上傳到my libarary存檔。

閱讀完->AI writer ->outline builder。開始寫時要注意以下3點：
1.避免冗長(用simplyfy)
2.審視對立觀點oposing argument-加入考量
3.保持觀點一致性
用APA格式 選DeepReview： 關鍵詞, 選擇問句以開始進行>DeepThinking: 跟前面20篇進行整理出來內容 成文獻回顧方式。

W05 Presentation of the literature review

2025-03-19四 13:00-15:00 林師模教授

林師謨老師今天邀一個韓國教授來演講，指導literature review的寫法 Associate Professor Chang Young Ho

W06 Selection of research methodology (I)

2025-03-26四 13:00-15:00 林師模教授

w04缺課時老師給的，關於Literature Review寫法的參考資料: 1.Literature Review Strategies | 2.QM_Energy Policy | 3.Structural Change and Economic Dynamics |

關於換題目
老師說：我們在練習寫一篇文章。不是博士論文，不用太認真，不用改題目。只是要練習。

只留最重要的question 1.電動車崛起帶來挑戰與機遇：傳統汽車維修店需調整服務項目，以因應電動車需求增加，並吸引新客群。
2.技術人員需專業訓練：維修電動車需掌握高壓系統與專屬零件的知識，與傳統內燃機車不同，必須接受專業訓練以確保安全與品質。
3.設備投資是關鍵：電動車維修需使用不同於傳統車輛的專業工具，維修店須投入資金升級設施。
4.市場預測顯示成長趨勢：到2030年，電動車預計將佔新車銷售的相當比例，維修店若能及早轉型，將有機會在新市場中取得領先地位。
5.維持競爭力的關鍵策略：傳統維修店需主動接受轉變，以在變動快速的汽車產業中保持相關性與盈利能力。
船到橋頭自然直,坐以待斃,＠保修廠的y應變能力 x各種衝擊變數

下次4/10(兩週後)用兩頁介紹你的methodology(show your questionare, tools, methods etc.) in ppt or doc.

W07 (Children's Day/Tomb-sweeping Day(Holiday))

2025-04-03四 13:00-15:00 林師模教授

清明節連假，休息！

W08 Selection of research methodology (II)

2025-04-10四 13:00-15:00 林師模教授

GoogleDocpd20_p4a
大字的X和Y: 稱為 Construct構念 (是無法直接衡量的或觀察的)
小字x和y: 才是稱為 variable (比如 好幾科的成績)

今天每人要demo兩頁ppt介紹各自的 methodology (show your questionare, tools, methods etc.) in ppt or doc.
我交的是11204604_Hong_methodology | (也可看GoogleDoc的 phd20_p2 ) |

很多印尼同學用SmartPLS去跑SEM
什麼是結構方程模式分析？(What is structural equation model?
茉莉用的tool是: DEA model DEAP software
Lucy用的tool是chp12教到的 ARDL models
Idiris:做Systemmatic review，最後用的Thematic analysis和content analysis有所不同:

Content analysis can efficiently handle large datasets due to its quantitative nature. Thematic analysis, being more qualitative and interpretive, is often better suited for smaller datasets where you can delve deeper into the nuances of the data.

我的研究原想要用Multiple regression or ANOVA，但老師指出：因為Dependent(Y)是一種: ordinal qualitative variable，因此使用的工具應當是Chp16才會教到的: Qualitative and Limited Dependent VariableModels，這個可以用Eviews跑統計沒問題。
但是這學期可能教不完到那裡，所以須要自己學習！

下下週 04-24 W10上課時: Either provide additional information, model, questionare, survey design.

W09 (期中考)(Mid-term Exams)

2025-04-17四 13:00-15:00 林師模教授

考試週休假不上課！
0501 洪哲文 寫月刊文章: 保養廠的危機、轉機、商機！(電動車成長對傳統保養廠帶來的衝擊)
- 內容綱要: EV的衝擊，將帶來的改變，速度快慢總會到，調查如何應對-理解(感知)、心態(態度)、行動)，
- 介紹說明: 中原大學商博研究專題，兩階段進行：訪談、問卷。隨機抽樣，研究報告會用eamil或line傳檔，提供給有興趣了解此趨勢的人，有興趣者請登記。
- 登記問題最後要有：如果隨機抽樣被選中-願意接受訪談嗎？ 如果隨機抽樣被選中-願意填答問卷嗎？
0440 洪哲文 訪談問題完成。問卷草案完成。
0531 陳俊吉 訪談完成-訪談工作分配。吉/佩文+？/
0531 洪哲文 試填修正。
0610 陳俊吉 抽樣通知填問卷-1週完成-資料整理/跑統計。
0630 洪哲文 分析研究-寫報告。

W10 Data sources and collection (I)

2025-04-24四 13:00-15:00 林師模教授

關於我的報告應改進:
1.Indepent 問卷的問題太複雜，應簡化。各個問題要有趨避性，measurement要明確。
2.Dependent 問題集中為一個，重新設計。
3.我的Hypothesis? T test,F test ….有嗎？是什麼？
4.what will my regression model? 寫出來

W11 Data sources and collection (II)

2025-04-30四 13:00-15:00 林師模教授

GoogleSheet的資料 |
1.文獻查找：有沒有人做過這樣研究
2.設定模型: 選擇解釋變項及函數模型
函數形式 線性
模型形式 理論模型 數學模型 計量經濟學模型
3.假設參數的預期符號 + or -
4.蒐集檢查整理數據
5.模型的估計 檢驗與評價
模型檢驗：經濟意義檢驗、統計檢驗、計量經濟檢驗
模型評價：模型是否需要改進
6.報告結果及模型應用
確定關係：確定變量之間的函數關係。經濟學就不同了。
統計關係：雖機變量之間的依賴關係。計量經濟學關注的是統計關係
依賴關係或統計關係不意謂者因果關係！
先驗的支持統計學之外的理論支持
回歸分析之前要先做相關分析

W12 Estimation of the model

2025-05-07四 13:00-15:00 林師模教授

洪哲文今天的進度報告
老師建議：先看 Econometrics p.685 16.2 Modeling Binary Choices

老師要求2025/05/22的論文報告，按此格式進行
Final presentation (10–15 pages)

2–4 pages: background, motivation, research question, and purpose
1 page: key literature (summarize key theories and past studies, identify literature gaps, and explain how your research contributes or differs.)
1–2 pages: analytical framework (Show your study’s main framework, any hypotheses, and use visuals if helpful.)
1–2 pages: methodology (method, model, variables, etc.)
1 page: data (sources, period, units, major properties)
2–3 pages: results (Present key findings with tables or figures, interpret them in light of the research question, and compare with existing literature or expectations.)
1 page: implications (for policy or practice)
1 page: conclusion and suggestions for further research

Dissection (4–5 pages)
1 page: paper summary
1 page: discussion of the results and implications
1 page: comments on or problems with the paper
1–2 pages: suggestions for modifications or future research

Presentation Schedule – May 22 (4 Papers)
Speakers, please send your paper to your discussant before 5/20.

Speaker (Discussant):
Jacky (Atam), Avi (Bisyri),Lucy (Idis),洪哲文Hong (Tharmizi)
Presentation Schedule – May 29
Speakers, please send your paper to your discussant before 5/27.

W13 Analysis of the estimated results (I)

2025-05-14四 13:00-15:00 林師模教授

今天陪張秀月去長庚找葉醫師看診，請假。
2025/0517 提供給Discussant 朱容德Muh Tharmizi的資料:
1.我的論文 Thesis
2.5/22要做的報告 Presentation
3.接下來要研究CHAPTER 16.Qualitative and Limited Dependent Variable Models
教科書內容 Chapter-16 |
p.685 16.2 Modeling Binary Choices 裡面講到 probit model and the logit model 然後最重要是
p.710 16.5.1 Ordinal Probit Choice Probabilities
參考【Stata小课堂】第24讲：有序多分类Logistic回归(Ordinal Logistic Regression)
Normal Distribution (PDF, CDF, PPF) in 3 Minutes
Maximum Likelihood, clearly explained!!!
一定要弄懂似然和极大似然估计，是很多机器学习算法的基石
張翔老師 MLE 不動性解法

4.還有Eviews 8.1 跑Ordinal Probit model： 操作說明 | The Tables come out from Python |
(2025/05/18 備註: 在家裡想使用Eviews8.1，但不能用(因無法核對學校IP以更新Licensance)，於是改用Python來工作。 操作說明包括有Eviews和Python兩種。)

W14 Presentation for your thesis

2025-05-21四 13:00-15:00 林師模教授

今天4個同學做報告:Speaker(Discussant):
Bisyri(Avi)-Jacky(Ahmatang)-Lucy(Idris)-Hong(Trarmizi); 結束後我索取了Jacky和Idris的ppt。
JackyCloud Under Fire: An Empirical Study on Attack Frequency, Defense Performance, and Strategic Hardening
IdrisComments and Suggestions
e e
洪哲文報告，Tharmizi是我的Discussant


W15 Paper writing

2025-05-28四 13:00-15:00 林師模教授

張秀月開刀，請假！
關於我的Thesis後續修改，Romi給的建議: you can modification the model, with put arrow direct to behavioral intention
e 我查:TRI科技準備度量表Technology Readiness Index
The Technology Readiness Index (TRI) theory measures an individual's predisposition to embrace and use new technologies in daily life, both at work and in their free time. It's a psychological construct, shaped by both mental enablers (optimism and innovativeness) and inhibitors (insecurity and discomfort), which collectively influence an individual's tendency to adopt new technologies.

W16 Presentation and discussion of the paper (I)

2025-06-04四 13:00-15:00 林師模教授

Reference:subject should study

W17 Presentation and discussion of the paper (II)

2025-06-11四 13:00-15:00 林師模教授

Reference:subject should study

W18 (Final Exams) summit your paper

2025-06-18四 13:00-15:00 林師模教授

Reference:subject should study

Backup Data 其他參考資料

Book | Data Miming | Data Science for Business |
URL | Kaggle | 彭明輝教授
1.演講Youtube: 期刊論文閱讀技巧
2.演講Youtube: 研究生的核心能力 ─ 從文獻回顧到批判與創新 │Future Faculty Talk
▼1 WHAT IS INFORMATION MANAGEMENT?

WHAT IS INFORMATION MANAGEMENT?
1.ANIMATION FOR PLATONWHAT IS INFORMATION MANAGEMENT? wearesynkro 2014。
2. Information Management BasicsCommunity IT Innovators 2018。
3.(IM) Information Management JuanIT 2021。有一系列lecture
4.The 5 Components of an Information System COTC A.R.C. 2015。


▼2 折疊2

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